Cryptococcus neoformans is a ubiquitous human fungal pathogen.This pathogen can undergo morphotype transition between the yeast and the filamentous form and such morphological transition has been implicated in virulence for decades.Morphotype transition is typically observed during mating, which is governed by pheromone signaling.Paradoxically, com
Flow cytometry techniques utilizing dual staining with annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) provide a robust method for quantitatively Air Freshener analyzing apoptosis induction.Annexin V binds phosphatidylserine exposed on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane during early apoptosis, while PI permeates late apoptotic/necrotic cells.Simultaneous
With the increase in population aging, the tendency of osteochondral injury will be accelerated, and repairing materials are increasingly needed for the optimization of the regenerative processes in bone and cartilage recovery.The local environment of the injury sites and the deficiency of Mg2+ retards the repairing period via inhibiting the progen